Motivi za medvrstniško nasilje med slovenskimi osnovnošolskimi storilci
Ključne besede:
medvrstniško nasilje, motivi za medvrstniško nasilje, tradicionalno nasilje, spletno nasiljePovzetek
Medvrstniško nasilje je postalo eden izmed izstopajočih problemov v šolah, zato ga je nujno potrebno učinkovito preprečevati in primerno ukrepati ob prekrških. Cilj raziskave je bil raziskati stališča storilcev medvrstniškega nasilja o njihovih motivih za izvajanje različnih vrst medvrstniškega nasilja. Odgovori izhajajo iz resničnih življenjskih situacij, v katerih so bili udeleženi kot storilci medvrstniškega nasilja. V tej deskriptivni, neeksperimentalni raziskavi je vprašalnik reševalo 782 slovenskih osnovnošolcev iz 21 naključno izbranih šol in 7 statističnih regij Slovenije. V nadaljnjo obravnavo je bilo vključenih 286 učencev, storilcev medvrstniškega nasilja. Izmed teh je bilo več fantov (185 ali 64,7 %) kot deklet (101 ali 35,5 %) in več osmošolcev (162 ali 56,6 %) kot šestošolcev (124 ali 43,4 %). Rezultati so pokazali, da sta maščevanje in povrnitev glavna motiva za medvrstniško nasilje, in potrdili soobstoj tradicionalnega in spletnega medvrstniškega nasilja. Poznavanje motivov za medvrstniško nasilje, in sicer z vidika storilcev nasilja, je pomemben korak k razumevanju posebnosti in dinamike medvrstniškega nasilja ter nam lahko pomaga pri načrtovanju preventivnih in intervencijskih strategij v šolskem prostoru.
Literatura
Baas, N., de Jong, M.D.T., Drossaert, C.H.C. (2013). Children’s Perspectives on Cyberbullying: Insights Based on Participatory Research. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, Vol. 16, No. 4, p. 246–253.
Beran, T., Li, Q. (2007). The Relationship between Cyber-bullying and School Bullying. Journal of Student Wellbeing, Vol. 1, No. 2, p. 15–33.
Berger, K. (2007). Update on bullying at school: Science forgotten? Developmental Review, Vol. 27, Iss. 1, p. 90–126.
Bosacki, S.L., Marini, Z.A., Dane, A. V. (2006). Voices from classroom: Pictorial and narrative representations of children’s bullying experiences. Journal of Moral Education, Vol. 35, Iss. 2, p. 231–245.
Cheng, Y.Y., Chen, L.M., Liu, K.S., Chen, Y.L. (2011). Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the School Bullying Scales: A Rash Measurement Approach. Educational and Psychological Measurement, Vol. 71, Iss. 1, p. 200–216.
Compton, L., Campbell, M.A., Mergler, A.G. (2014). Teacher, Parent and Student Perceptions of the Motives of Cyberbullies. Social Psychology of Education, vol. 17, p. 383–400.
Erdur-Baker, Ö. (2010). Cyberbullying and its Correlation to Traditional Bullying, Gender and Frequent and Risky Usage of Internet-Mediated Communication Tools. New media & society, Vol. 12, Iss. 1, p. 109–125.
Fluck, J. (2017). Why Do Students Bully? An Analysis of Motives behind Violence in Schools. Youth & Society, Vol. 49, Iss. 5, p. 567–587.
Frísén, A., Jonsson, A. K., Persson, C. (2007). Adolescents’ Perception of Bullying: Who is the Victim? Who is the Bully? What can be Done to Stop Bullying? Adolescence, Vol. 42, No. 168, p. 749–761.
König, A., Gollwitzer, M., Steffgen, G. (2010). Cyberbullying as an Act of Revenge? Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling, Vol. 20, No. 2, p. 210–224.
Kowalski, R.M., Morgan, S.A., Limber, S.P. (2012). Traditional bullying as a potential warning sigh of cyberbullying. School Psychology International, Vol. 33, Iss. 5, p. 505–519.
Kowalski, R., Limber, S., Agatston, P. (2008). Cyber bullying: Bullying in the digital age. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
Kozmus, A., Pšunder, M. (2018). Problemi in dileme povezane s spletnim nasiljem. [Problems and Dilemmas Connected to Cyberbullying]. In Oblikovanje inovativnih učnih okolij [Constructing innovative learning environments]. Koper: Založba Univerze na Primorskem, p. 125–138.
Lereya, S.T., Copeland, W.E., Costello, E.J., Wolke, D. (2015). Adult Mental Health Consequences of Peer Bullying and Maltreatment in Childhood: Two Cohorts in Two Countries. Lancet Psychiatry, Vol. 2, Iss. 6, p. 524–531.
Li, Q. (2007). New Bottle but Old Wine: A Research of Cyberbullying in Schools. Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 23, Iss. 4, p. 1777–1791.
Olweus, D. (1993). Bullying at School: What We Know and What We Can Do. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.
Pečjak, S. (2014). Medvrstniško nasilje v šoli [Peer bullying in a school]. Ljubljana: Znanstvena založba filozofske fakultete.
Pečjak, S., Pirc, T. (2014). Sem opazovalec medvrstniškega nasilja: kaj lahko naredim? Didactica Slovenica – Pedagoška obzorja, Vol 29, No. 1, p. 155–168.
Pister, R. (2014). Understanding Bullying Through the Eyes of Youth. Journal of Ethnographic & Qualitative Research, Vol. 9, No. 1, p. 27–43.
Pogorevc Merčnik, Jovita (2014). Konfliktne situacije kot pokazatelj nasilja med učenci ter njihovo preprečevanje. Didactica Slovenica – Pedagoška obzorja, Vol. 29, No. 3–4, p. 98–112.
Pšunder, M., Kozmus, A. (2018). Bullying Behaviour and Victimization Experience among Primary School Students: The Role of Gender and Grade. In: R. Celec (ed.). Challenges of society (Schriftenreihe Erziehung – Unterricht – Bildung). Hamburg: Dr. Kovač, p. 319–346.
Raskauskas, J., Stoltz, A.D. (2007). Involvement in Traditional and Electronic Bullying Among Adolescents. Developmental Psychology, Vol. 43, No. 3, p. 564–575.
Rigby, K. (2002). New Perspectives on Bullying. London: Jessica Kingsley.
Sagadin, J. (2003). Statistične metode za pedagoge [Statistical Methods for Pedagogues]. Maribor: Obzorja.
Salmivalli, C. (2010). Bullying and the Peer Group: A review. Aggression & Violent Behavior, Vol. 15, Iss. 2, p. 112–120.
Slonje, R., Smith, P.K. (2008). Cyber bullying: Another Main-type of Bullying. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, Vol. 49, Iss. 2, p. 147–154.
Smith, P.K., Mahdavi, J., Carvalho, M., Fisher, S., Russell, S., Tippett, N. (2008). Cyberbullying: Its Nature and Impact in Secondary School Pupils. Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Vol. 49, No. 4, p. 376–385.
Solberg, M., Olweus, D., Endresen, I.M. (2007). Bullies and Victims at School: Are They the Same Pupils? British Journal of Educational Psychology, Vol. 77, No. 2, p. 441–464.
Sticca, F., Perren, S. (2013). Is Cyberbullying Worse than Traditional Bullying? Examining the Differential Roles of Medium, Publicity, and Anonymity for the Perceived Severity of Bullying. Youth Adolescence, Vol. 42, No. 5, p. 739–750.
Thornberg, R., Knutsen, S. (2011). Teenagers’ Explanations of Bullying. Child and Youth Care Forum, Vol. 40, No. 3, p. 177–192.
Thornberg, R., Rosenquist, R., Johansson, P. (2012). Older Teenagers’ Explanations of Bullying. Child and Youth Care Forum, Vol. 41, No. 4, p. 327–342.
Tural Hesapçıoğlu, S., Ercan, F., (2017). Traditional and Cyberbullying Co-occurrence and its Relationship to Psychiatric Symptoms. Pediatrics International, Vol. 59, No. 1, p. 16–22.
Verjas, K., Talley, J., Meyers, J., Parris, L., Cutts, H., (2010). High School Students’ Perceptions of Motivations for Cyberbullying: An Exploratory Study. Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, Vol. XI, No. 3, p. 269–273.
Wilton, C., Campbell, M. (2011). Reasons Why Adolescents Bully. Queensland: University of Technology. Retrieved on 29.03.02019 from the World Wide Web: https://eprints.qut.edu.au/47912/1/47912A.pdf.
Prenosi
Objavljeno
Kako citirati
Številka
Rubrike
Licenca
Avtorske pravice (c) 2023 Mateja Pšunder, Andreja Kozmus
To delo je licencirano pod Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva 4.0 mednarodno licenco.
